The twelve tribes (clans) of Israel derive from the twelve sons of Jacob, aka “Israel.” These sons/tribes were, in order of birth, Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph, and Benjamin. Levi became the priest tribe, not one of the twelve, while Joseph split into two tribes named after the sons of Joseph, Manasseh and Ephraim.

– Astrological Attributions of the Twelve Tribes of Israel, by David Godwin Llewellyn Worldwide, Llewellyn.com

Concise Meanings of the Names of the 12 Sons and the 12 Tribes of Israel

The 12 Sons of Israel are Zebulon, Joseph, Benjamin, Issachar, Judah, Naphtali, Asher, Dan, Gad, Simeon, Reuben. Levi
The 12 Tribes of Israel are Zebulon, Manasseh, Ephraim, Benjamin, Issachar, Judah, Naphtali, Asher, Dan, Gad, Simeon, Reuben

Name Definitions for the 12 Sons of Israel (In order of birth)
1. Reuben: Behold a son!
2. Simeon: Hearkening
3. Levi: Adhesion, joined to
4. Judah: Praised
5. Dan: Judge
6. Naphtali: My strife or wrestling
7. Gad: Troop
8. Asher: Happy
9. Issachar: He is or brings wages
10. Zebulon: Habitation
11. Joseph: God shall add another son
12. Benjamin: Son of the right hand

Name Definitions for the 12 Tribes of Israel (In order of birth)
1. Reuben: Behold a son!
2. Simeon: Hearkening
3. Judah: Praised
4. Dan: Judge
5. Naphtali: My strife or wrestling
6. Gad: Troop
7. Asher: Happy
8. Issachar: He is or brings wages
9. Zebulon: Habitation
10. Benjamin: Son of the right hand
11. Menasseh: Causing to forget, one who forgets
12. Ephraim: double-land, twin-land

REFERENCE(s):
20,000 Names.com (http://www.20000-names.com/)
Llewellyn.com (http://www.llewellyn.com/journal/article/472)